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Stratus cirrus clouds1/1/2023 ![]() ![]() Very low stratiform clouds that touch the Earth's surface are given the common names fog and mist, which are not included with the Latin nomenclature of clouds that form aloft in the troposphere.Ībove the troposphere, stratospheric and mesospheric clouds have their own classifications with common names for the major types and alpha-numeric nomenclature for the subtypes. The essentials of the modern nomenclature system for tropospheric clouds were proposed by Luke Howard, a British manufacturing chemist and an amateur meteorologist with broad interests in science, in an 1802 presentation to the Askesian Society. Most genera and species can be subdivided into varieties, also with Latin names, some of which are common to more than one genus or species. Most genera are divided into species with Latin names, some of which are common to more than one genus. These are, in approximate ascending order of instability or convective activity: stratiform sheets cirriform wisps and patches stratocumuliform patches, rolls, and ripples cumuliform heaps, and cumulonimbiform towers that often have complex structures. The genera are also grouped into five physical forms. Of the multi-level genus-types, those with the greatest convective activity are often grouped separately as towering vertical. Small cumulus are commonly grouped with the low clouds because they do not show significant vertical extent. These groupings are determined by the altitude level or levels in the troposphere at which each of the various cloud types is normally found. The list of cloud types groups all genera as high (cirro-, cirrus), middle (alto-), multi-level (nimbo-, cumulo-, cumulus), and low (strato-, stratus). Multi-level and vertical genus-types not limited to a single altitude level include nimbostratus, cumulonimbus, and some of the larger cumulus species. Tropospheric cloud classification by altitude of occurrence. ![]()
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